Medicine

NASEM: Building Parents’ Confidence in COVID-19 Vaccines

Having the tough conversations. NASEM offers recommendations for communicating with parents of young children about COVID-19 vaccines.

Brodalumab Effective for Psoriasis Treatment After Other IL-17 RA Failure

The short- and long-term effectiveness of brodalumab in patients with psoriasis in whom treatment with IL-17A inhibitors has failed is examined.

Risk Factors Associated With Vertical Transmission in Mothers With HIV Infection

Researchers sought to assess whether there is an association between maternal HIV drug resistance and an increased risk for vertical transmission and to describe the dynamics of drug resistance in infants with HIV infection.

Clinical Efficacy, Safety of Janus Kinase Inhibitors in Patients Hospitalized With COVID-19

Investigators conducted a meta-analysis of 3 randomized controlled trials that compared the clinical safety and efficacy of janus kinase inhibitors with placebo or standard care for the treatment of patients with COVID-19.

Primary Central Nervous System Vasculitis: From Diagnosis to Management

Primary central nervous system vasculitis is an important but rare differential diagnosis in daily neurological practice, warranting the need of a step by step approach.

The Changing Guidelines on the Role of MRI in Multiple Sclerosis Management

The 2021 MAGNIMS-CMSC-NAIMS provided updated consensus recommendations on MRI use in the management of multiple sclerosis.

Cytisine vs Varenicline for Smoking Cessation: Results From a Noninferiority Trial

The researchers wanted to know if standard cytisine treatment for 25 days was at least as effective for smoking cessation as standard varenicline treatment for 84 days.

Can the Genetic Overlap of ADHD and Autism Guide Better Treatment?

Study researchers investigated the genetic overlap between ADHD and autism to determine if shared gene variants may provide insight into treatment targets.

Obstructive Sleep Apnea Raises the Risk of Sudden Cardiac Death

We interview experts Younghoon Kwon, MD, MS, FACC, and Richard J Castriotta, MD, FCCP, FAASM, about the connections between obstructive sleep apnea-sudden cardiac death.

Virgin Coconut Oil May Prevent Damaged Skin from Hand Sanitizer Overuse

The utility of virgin coconut oil as a natural agent to counteract the adverse effects of alcohol-based hand sanitizers during COVID-19 is assessed.

No Benefit From Continuous Positive Airway Pressure After Elective Major Intraperitoneal Surgery

Members of the PRISM trial group investigated whether CPAP administered immediately after major abdominal surgery could prevent postoperative morbidity.

First Alzheimer Disease Prevention Trial Using Amyloid-Targeting Drugs Gantenerumab or Solanezumab

The researchers conducted a randomized, placebo-controlled, multi-arm trial of gantenerumab or solanezumab in participants with dominantly inherited Alzheimer disease across asymptomatic and symptomatic disease stages.

Epic Sepsis Model Poorly Predictive Due to Low Sensitivity, Inadequate Calibration

This retrospective, external validation cohort study assessed the Epic Sepsis Model as a predictor of sepsis and evaluated its clinical value.

Shingles: Raising Awareness and Promoting Vaccination

Despite the availability of a highly effective shingles vaccine and almost universal risk among those born before 1980, Americans are not getting vaccinated.

Tympanostomy Tubes vs Medical Management for Recurrent Acute Otitis Media

As official recommendations about placing tympanostomy tubes conflict, researchers aimed to determine which children would benefit from tympanostomy tube placement instead of medical management for recurrent otitis media infections.

Post-Traumatic Coma Prognosis is Difficult to Predict

Bianciardi and colleagues investigated the patterns of microbleeds associated with post-traumatic coma and the recovery of consciousness in young comatose patients.

Addressing Sleep Disturbances of Parkinson Disease

Sleep disturbances may affect 40% to 90% of patients with PD, and a 2020 study found that about half of patients with PD had multiple sleep disorders.

Increased Patient Satisfaction With Extended Release Buprenorphine for the Treatment of Opioid Use Disorder

If immediate-release and extended-release formulations of buprenorphine are similarly efficacious to treat opioid use disorder, is one superior?

Many Individuals With Serious Mental Illness Successfully Quit Smoking With a Scalable, Multicomponent Intervention Program

The study authors sought to determine if a brief, multicomponent, sustained care smoking cessation intervention tailored to individuals with severe mental illness can facilitate treatment engagement and abstinence following hospital discharge.

Novel Biosensor Aids in the Discovery of a Psychedelic Drug Without Hallucinogenic Effects

To better understand the conformational effects of psychedelic compounds, researchers developed psychLight, a genetically encoded biosensor that generates fluorescence in 5-HT2AR.